Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) plays a central role in the development of cervical cancer. However, other coexisting factors, such as HIV infection, must be present for this to occur. We evaluated the prevalence of HPV in HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients in the city of Salvador , Bahia, Brazil, and determined the most prevalent types of HPV in these patients. Fifty-five cases were selected from among patients attending three institutions providing cervical pathology services in the city of Salvador. HIV testing (Elisa/WB), HPV-DNA testing by PCR, colposcopy, cytology and biopsy were carried out in all patients. The histopathological results were classified as follows: 11 cases were normal/negative for neoplasia, 15 were diagnosed as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 (CIN 1), 10 were CIN 2, 15 cases were CIN 3 and there were four cases of invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Among the 55 patients studied, 43 tested positive for HPV-DNA and 20 for HIV. All HIV-positive patients were positive for HPV-DNA. The most prevalent types of HPV were HPV 16, 52, 58, 53, 54, 33 and 51, and there was little difference between the groups of HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients with respect to the type of HPV encountered. The HIV-positive patients were found to be infected with a greater number of types of HPV than the HIV-negative patients. This study corroborates the existence of regional variations in the distribution of certain types of HPV, which is probably due to the particular ethnic constitution found in this region of Brazil.

Neste estudo estima-se a incidência anual e descrevem-se as características dos acidentes de trabalho não fatais em adolescentes com dados de um inquérito conduzido na cidade de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. Utilizou-se amostra aleatória de superfície para selecionar 2.513 famílias, cujos membros foram entrevistados individualmente. A população do estudo compunha-se de 361 jovens entre 10 e 20 anos. A incidência anual de acidentes de trabalho não fatais foi 6,4%. Entre as mulheres, a maioria dos acidentes ocorreu no ambiente de trabalho doméstico e tinha pequena gravidade, mas 38,5% dos casos necessitaram de assistência médica, e 36,4% deixaram seqüelas permanentes não incapacitantes. Entre os rapazes, os acidentes típicos na via pública predominaram, e a maioria (60,0%) foi atendida em serviço de emergência. Esses resultados evidenciam que acidentes de trabalho entre jovens estão a merecer atenção nas políticas sociais no país.

This community-based survey estimates the annual incidence of non-fatal work-related injuries in adolescents and describes their characteristics. Using a random area sampling design, 2,513 households were selected from the city of Salvador, capital of Bahia State, Northeast Brazil. The study population included 361 young people 10 to 20 years of age who answered individual questionnaires on socio-demographic, occupational, and health data. Annual incidence of non-fatal work-related injuries was 6.4%. Among females, most injuries were mild and were related to household chores; some 38.5% required medical care, and 36.4% caused permanent non-disabling lesions. Among males, work-related injuries took place mainly in public byways, and the majority (60.0%) were treated in emergency-care facilities. These results show that work-related injuries need to be considered in adolescent protection policies.

Neste estudo estima-se a incidência anual e descrevem-se as características dos acidentes de trabalho não fatais em adolescentes com dados de um inquérito conduzido na cidade de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. Utilizou-se amostra aleatória de superfície para selecionar 2.513 famílias, cujos membros foram entrevistados individualmente. A população do estudo compunha-se de 361 jovens entre 10 e 20 anos. A incidência anual de acidentes de trabalho não fatais foi 6,4%. Entre as mulheres, a maioria dos acidentes ocorreu no ambiente de trabalho doméstico e tinha pequena gravidade, mas 38,5% dos casos necessitaram de assistência médica, e 36,4% deixaram seqüelas permanentes não incapacitantes. Entre os rapazes, os acidentes típicos na via pública predominaram, e a maioria (60,0%) foi atendida em serviço de emergência. Esses resultados evidenciam que acidentes de trabalho entre jovens estão a merecer atenção nas políticas sociais no país.

This community-based survey estimates the annual incidence of non-fatal work-related injuries in adolescents and describes their characteristics. Using a random area sampling design, 2,513 households were selected from the city of Salvador, capital of Bahia State, Northeast Brazil. The study population included 361 young people 10 to 20 years of age who answered individual questionnaires on socio-demographic, occupational, and health data. Annual incidence of non-fatal work-related injuries was 6.4%. Among females, most injuries were mild and were related to household chores; some 38.5% required medical care, and 36.4% caused permanent non-disabling lesions. Among males, work-related injuries took place mainly in public byways, and the majority (60.0%) were treated in emergency-care facilities. These results show that work-related injuries need to be considered in adolescent protection policies.